Interventions that included flexibility training showed a reduced falls incidence ratio of 0.93. 13 Data from trials were analyzed with an individual patient data meta-analysis strategy, planned at the beginning of the FICSIT, combining the evidence from the different trials. 11, 12 The exercise interventions incorporated resistance, balance, endurance, and flexibility. 8 The Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques (FICSIT) trials assessed the effects of interventions in reducing falls among elderly people. 7 Not all risks can be eliminated, but Speechley and Tinetti 4 contend that the modification of even one risk factor can be a worthwhile therapeutic goal, even for people with multiple problems.Īmong elderly people, decreased force production in the lower extremities has also been identified as a potential risk factor in those who fall when compared with those who do not fall, 8– 10 with the greatest compromise in ankle dorsiflexion force. 2– 6 Although some falls may have a single cause, most falls are believed to result from a combination of factors. Falls result from many factors, including both extrinsic or environmental factors and intrinsic factors, such as deficits in sensory, cognitive, central integrative, and musculoskeletal abilities. Additional research is needed to determine whether treatment directed at increasing ankle ROM can improve balance.Īnkle range of motion, Balance, Elderly womenĪccording to Hornbrook et al, 1 fall prevention depends on a clear understanding of the risk factors associated with falls. Correlations exist between ankle ROM and balance in community-dwelling elderly women. The strongest correlation existed between bilateral, total ankle AAROM and the POMA gait subtest scores (PCC=.63) Conclusion and Discussion. Correlations using composite ankle ROM scores were higher than individual motions. The POMA gait subtest and FRT resulted in higher correlations with ROM than did the POMA balance subtest (left total AAROM PCC=.63. Correlations between ROM and balance scores were found, ranging from.
Balance data for the FRT, POMA balance subtest, POMA gait subtest, and POMA total score were correlated with ankle ROM using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (PCC). Balance capabilities were measured with the Functional Reach Test (FRT) and the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). Goniometry was used to determine bilateral ankle active-assistive range of motion (AAROM) and passive range of motion. The sample consisted of 34 women between the ages of 64 and 87 years (X̄=74.7, SD=6.0). Identification of modifiable factors associated with balance may enable clinicians to design treatments to help reduce the risk of falls in elderly people. This study investigated the relationship between balance measures and ankle range of motion (ROM) in community-dwelling elderly women with no health problems. This typically has a very rapid return to sports and activity after surgery.Background and Purpose. This can be done with ankle arthroscopy (see section on ankle arthroscopy). The treatment for anterior impingement in the ankle can include physical therapy to help improve the range of motion and break down scar tissue, anti-inflammatory medications to relieve pain and swelling, and ultimately surgery to remove the tissue or bone that is causing the blockage. Occasionally an MRI is also utilized to evaluate other structures of the ankle. The diagnosis is made from a careful physical examination and xrays of the ankle. This can also be associated with pain and inflammation. The presenting symptoms are typically a decrease in overall ankle range of motion, mostly affecting dorsiflexion.
The end result is a decrease in motion (primarily dorsiflexion) due to these changes. This can also be found in the chronically unstable ankles. This process is felt to develop as a result of repeated strain on the anterior capsule (front of the joint) with repeated plantar flexion that leads to calcific deposits, or from repetitive dorsiflexion that leads to subchondral injury (damage to the bone) to the talus (ankle bone) which leads to bone spur formation. The classic form of impingement is referred to as "footballer's ankle." Despite the name, this can happen in many different types of sports including soccer, football, basketball, and in dancers. Anterior ankle impingement can be due to scar tissue and inflammation or bone spurs that form in the anterior (front) of the ankle joint and limit range of motion and can cause pain.
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